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Melbourne 2030 – Planning for sustainable growth
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Policies and initiatives > Direction 7. A greener city > Policy 7.1

Policy 7.1 – Ensure that water resources are managed in a sustainable way

Water supply
The Government will protect Melbourne’s water catchments and water supply facilities to ensure the continued availability of clean, high-quality drinking water. It will require that reservoirs, water mains and local storage facilities are protected from potential contamination, and that planning for water supply, sewerage and drainage works receives high priority in early planning for new developments.

Water demand
Water use efficiency will be managed so that existing storages can reliably meet water demand beyond 2030. Sustainable management will ensure that water availability in other parts of Victoria is not adversely affected. Reductions are needed in per capita water consumption, which has already fallen by 12 per cent in the past decade, and in leakage rates, which are estimated as 8 per cent of potable water supply to Melbourne.

Waste-water treatment
High standards of waste-water treatment and management will reduce the impact of treated effluent in the marine environment. EPA Victoria requirements govern the discharge of treated effluent from the Western Treatment Plant at Werribee (into Port Phillip Bay) and from the Eastern Treatment Plant at Carrum (into Bass Strait near Gunnamatta). The latest technology will be used to upgrade these plants to meet future demand and quality requirements. Both plants, located in green wedges, will continue to be protected uses.

Waste-water recycling
The Government has set a target to increase waste-water recycling from 1 per cent to 20 per cent by 2010 for non-potable uses such as in agriculture, industry and recreation. This aims to reduce demand on the potable water supply and enable new uses for land near sewage treatment plants. To help reach this goal, a water recycling strategy is in preparation. Land has been identified that is suitable and available for water reuse. Development of new urban areas and green spaces will contribute to sustainable urban development by taking advantage of any opportunities for effluent recycling, particularly in the south-eastern and western metropolitan areas near the treatment plants (see ‘Werribee Plains: a vision for sustainable growth’). The opportunities to remove water directly from sewers for local treatment will be assessed (see ‘Water recycling trial in the Domain’).

Initiatives

7.1.1 Implement programs for sustainable water management to ensure that supply from the existing dams is sufficient to 2030 and beyond in accordance with the Water Resources Strategy for Melbourne
7.1.2 Promote water efficiency practices in new and refurbished developments by incorporating the National Water Rating and Labelling Scheme for water-efficient fittings and appliances into the Building Act and Building Code of Australia for all new and refurbished buildings
7.1.3 Use planning provisions to protect water supply and treatment facilities, within and outside the urban growth boundary
7.1.4 Adopt guidelines to encourage use of alternative water sources such as rainwater tanks, stormwater and recycled water by local government, developers and households
7.1.5 Progressively upgrade the treatment of effluent at the Eastern and Western Treatment Plants to meet the demands of a growing population while meeting increasingly stringent EPA Victoria requirements, and encouraging treatment to a level suitable for water recycling
7.1.6 Promote business opportunities related to waste-water treatment, including biosolids processing and water recycling
7.1.7 Ensure that local treatment and recycling of stormwater for non-potable uses is considered in new developments, in accordance with the Best Practice Environmental Management Guidelines for Urban Stormwater (BPEM Guidelines) and EPA Victoria guidelines


Water recycling trial in the Domain
A water recycling plant and irrigation system was trialled in the Kings Domain gardens in Melbourne from late February to April 2002. This was a joint venture between Melbourne Water, Melbourne City Council and the Department of Infrastructure. It aimed to show that water from sewers can be successfully recycled, at a quality comparable with fresh water, for the irrigation of parks and gardens.

The recycling plant was housed on-site in a portable shipping container, and employed the latest membrane technology to deliver 30,000 litres of high-quality recycled water each day.

It was designed to:

  • reduce nutrients from recycled water to avoid the likelihood of irrigation run-off polluting Melbourne’s waterways and Port Phillip Bay
  • protect trees, shrubs, plants and grasses by providing amounts of salt and major ions at levels comparable with fresh water
  • ensure a consistently high quality of recycled water through the trial, consistent with EPA Victoria requirements for the reuse of waste water.


Werribee Plains: a vision for sustainable growth
The Government’s vision for Werribee Plains is a practical demonstration at regional level of the sustainability principles that are fundamental to Melbourne 2030.

The Government sees Werribee as a region with:

  • an international reputation for its commitment to sustainable development
  • a positive economic future built on embracing sustainability as a distinctive competitive advantage
  • a culture that reinforces sustainability through involving and developing the community.

It is proposed to transform the western plains of Melbourne into a major ‘green region’ that highlights sustainable agricultural, industrial and urban development. The sustainable management of natural resources such as energy, water and ecosystems – and associated infrastructure – is vital. This will accord with the relevant directions and policies of Melbourne 2030.

The vision is being developed through a mix of private and public actions based on the sustainable development of strategic resources in the region. These include the Western Treatment Plant, the Werribee Technology precinct and the Point Cook precinct, Avalon airport, the agricultural land around Werribee, the urban growth areas and coastal wetlands, and the Werribee tourism precinct.

Recycled water from the Western Treatment Plant will be the starting point for action. Potential environmentally sustainable projects driven by recycled water include:

  • infrastructure to treat, transport and distribute recycled water to markets
  • high value export-based irrigated agriculture, such as vines, stone fruits, cut flowers, forestry and horticulture
  • downstream food-processing clusters
  • eco-industrial parks and water-intensive manufacturing
  • urban developments in designated growth areas that are designed and marketed on sustainability principles
  • tourism facilities based on the region's internationally significant wetlands and on opportunities for leisure facilities, such as golf
  • landscaping of new developments and existing open space
  • energy generation from biomass associated with recycled water production.

Melbourne 2030 will directly support recycling of water by protecting the green wedges in the region, and its valuable agricultural land. The adoption of Neighbourhood Principles in new developments within the urban growth boundary will mean recycled water can be a viable alternative to potable water for outdoor uses.

In new urban development, transit-oriented development and smart growth principles will reinforce the focus on sustainability by promoting walking, cycling and public transport instead of cars, and by reducing the amount of land and resources required for buildings.